Euro-Global Summit and Expo on Biomass August 08-09, 2016 Birmingham, UK

J.P. Paredes-Sánchez, is a lecturer in the Department of Energy at the University of Oviedo, Spain. He has been associated with energy projects at the Oviedo Higher Technical School of Mining and Engineering since 2007. He is the author or co-author of papers, books and conferences on energy. He is also involved in EU programs for updating renewable energy research and higher education.

Forest biomass has turned out to be one of the most interesting energy sources in the change to a sustainable energy model, because of its consideration as a renewable resource as well as a reducing agent of the greenhouse effect gas emissions. Forest residue can be an energy source to substitute the use of CO2-emitting fossil fuel. Therefore, the management of the forests can affect the global carbon cycle. Asturias is a region located in the North part of Spain. The natural vegetation is formed by characteristic species of humid areas. Forest biomass is studied like forest residue suppliers and natural key resources for a bioenergy industry. For forest the cleaning is not carried out in a periodic way, mainly because the management of this kind of residue is very complicated as a consequence of the orography and the lack of suitable machinery. Nowadays, in general, biomass residues from cleaning, thinning and forest exploitation (branches, etc.) have no clear application in Asturias. A fraction of the residue due to the nature of the raw material was unavoidable, but improvements in evaluation, operating practices and processing equipment can improve the situation. The results show forest biomass as an alternative energy resource to fossil fuels at regional level.

Analytical chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Waste management and processing, Management of the agricultural grounds (fertilization) and remediation of the polluted sites.

The present research work aims to ensure the higher agricultural productivity in intensive culture. For this prurpose, a research methods for sustainable management of marginal sandy soils (Kalahari type) of agriculture in Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of Congo). Hence, a valorisation of organinic resources locally available in municipal solid wastes as fetilizer (compost) ramains one of the route to make these soils productive for agricultuer.\r\nAn experimental in completely random block was mounted on three sites (Mont Amba, Kimwenza and Balume), two strong agricultural activity. The diagnosis agropedological soil shwed that these soils ares sandy, rubics arenoferralsols dystrics ; have excellent physical conditions (drainage, air circulation and penetration of roots), are provided colloids with variable loads, have an acid reaction, and are low in organic matter and mineral nutrients.\r\nAflter four growing seasons, the reaction of amendments applied at different doses (20, 40 and 60 t/ha) increased not only the physicochemical parameters (pH, TOC, CEE, bases saturation and reduce the aluminium saturation of 90%) but also the microbial parameters (microbial biomass, basal and induce respiration, enzymatic activities of the urease and phophomonoesterase acid). An increase of soyabean, sorrel and peanuts production yield was observed at differents doses of applied compost.\r\nLow doses (≤ 20 t/ha) have proven effective and recommended for annual and regular crop for this soil. Phosphorus was found to be the single most limiting and increased production could be ensiaged on the ground which synergistically, using small doses of compost and mineral fertilizer.\r\n

Grazia Leonzio is a PhD Student from L’Aquila University, Italy. She has published one article on Sabatier reaction and has participated in several international and national congresses related to environmental and energy aspect of chemical processes. She wrote an article about “Waste Management in Italian Regions” and published it in Columbia University website. She participated in MUN conferences and is a member of several associations like Italian Association of Chemical Engineering (AIDIC), Italian Chemical Society (SCI), Italian Scientists and Scholars in North America (ISSNAF) and European Commission Authentication Service (ECAS). She is a Reviewer of Chemical Engineering Journal.

Biogas is an environmentally advantageous energy source which is mostly comprised of CH4 (60%) and CO2 (35–40%) in addition to NH3, H2S, H2, O2, N2, and CO. Biogas is the gas that is evolved from anaerobic digestion, for the transformation of waste materials to energy sources through the treatment of various organic waste such as municipal solid waste, food waste, industrial waste, sewage sludge, animal manure and agricultural residues, which is known as biomass. The anaerobic digestion of different feedstocks is one of the most promising ways to meet the European objectives. In fact, the conversion into methane depends on the amount of basic organic components (fats, proteins, carbohydrates), on the percentage of the dry substance and volatile solids present in the dry matter. In this research, several biomasses are characterized through the analysis of total solids, organic substance and elementary analysis (CHNSO analysis). Agro-industrial wastes, agricultural residues, livestock wastes are the analyzed biomasses and these results as m3-biogas/t-biomass are obtained from: Candies 231, carrots 27, corn 221, barley 219, tomatoes 9, watermelon 12, pork (50%)-candies (50%) 186, corn (50%)-candies (50%) 226, pork (50%)-tomatoes (50) 75, bovine 62, pork 142. Results show that, substrates such as candies have a high content of organic substance, so they have a high potential to produce biogas but having the high content of total solids it is necessary to be co-digested. Hence, it is concluded that biomasses with higher carbon content has the higher yield of methane which are basically from livestock wastes, while lower levels are obtained for agro-industrial wastes.rnrn

India is a global leader in production oilseeds with a current target of 40.2 million metric tons and export of worth $1.5 billion for the year 2015-16 which generates huge amount of oil cake biomass. This inexpensive energy and nutrition rich biomass from oil processing industries provides ample scope of biotechnological applications with special reference to biodiesel production through solid state fermentation using lipase. In the present study we have investigated the potential of four different oilcakes of local oil refineries from seeds of olive, sesame, peanut and mustard as substrates for biodiesel production using lipase obtained from thermophilic bacteria Bacilus licheniformis KF583728 isolated from Taptapani hotspring of Odisha, India. Several process parameters were optimized aiming at highest biodiesel synthesis mediated by lipase production. Maximum lipase activity (58.18 IU/g) was observed for olive oil cake under favorable conditions such as pH 8.0, temperature 500C, moisture content 50% and inoculum concentration 2X106 cells per 1ml of broth. Supplementation of broth with maltose as carbon and NaNO3 as nitrogen sources enhanced microbial growth and hence influenced the lipase production to the highest (Maltose: 76.2, 60, 42.2 and 33.3 IU/g and NaNO3: 77.1, 62, 44 and 34.5 IU/g) using olive cake, sesame cake, peanut cake and mustard cake respectively under optimized conditions. Rhamnolipids biosurfactants were found induce the highest in lipase production of 146 IU/g for olive, 107 IU/g for sesame, 89 IU/g for peanut and 67 IU/g for mustard as compared to chemical surfactant tween20, tween80 and triton100. This is first report on biotechnological application of lipase from Taptapani hotspring using waste biomass as low cost substrate for production of biodiesel.