14^th Global Summit and Expo on Biomass and Bioenergy August 26-27, 2019 Vienna, Austria

Biomass is pre-treated and then transformed to synthesis gas via gasification. The resulting syngas is then cleaned preliminary to conversion to liquid biofuels, typically via Fischer Tropsch or the Mobil process. There are two main biomass-based liquid propellant in the market place today, ethanol and biodiesel. Some 20 Mm 3 y -1 of ethanol is produced with an energy content of 425 PJ, manufacturing this the second most important biofuel. A much smaller amount of biodiesel is used in the USA and Europe. Generally a tonne of cane produces between 125 and 140 kg of raw sugar, or between 70 and 80 litres of ethanol, although a tonne of maize, with about 70% to 75% starch content, will produce between 440 and 460 L t -1 with wet and dry corn crushing, respectively.

Wind energy development has grown rapidly from past few years in order to meet the needs of people as an alternative source of energy. Predominantly, the production of biomass energy from various metamorphoses methods are invented and developed. Biomass transformation is the process of transforming biomass feedstock into the energy that can be pre-owned to generate heat and electricity. Bioenergy can be changed into power through thermo-chemical cycles i.e. combustion, gasification and pyrolysis or bio-chemical operations like anaerobic digestion. Renewable technologies have made up to 7% of electricity generated in 2010-this will arise as the UK aims to meet its EU target of generating 30% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2020.

With pellets and densified biomass being produced and sold in quantities ranging from a 40 pound bag to entire shiploads, this industry is serving a broad market with very diverse needs. The track will offer attendees an opportunity to focus exclusively on this hot segment of the biomass to energy industry.

Biomass resources include a wide variety of materials diverse in both physical and chemical properties. Depending on the application, these variations may be critical for the final performance of the system. In particular, some advanced applications require fairly narrow specifications for moisture, ash content, ash composition. Both the physical and chemical characteristics vary significantly within and between the different biomass raw materials.However, biomass feedstocks are more uniform for some of their properties compared with competing feedstocks such as coal or petroleum. For example, coals show gross heating value ranges from 20 to 30 GJ/tonne. However, nearly all kinds of biomass feedstocks destined for combustion fall in the range 15-19 GJ/tonne for their LHV. The values for most woody materials are 18-19 GJ/tonne, while for most agricultural residues, the heating values are in the region of 15-17 GJ/tonne.

Agricultural biomass which could be pre-owned for energy production is defined as biomass residues from field agricultural crops and biomass from the concomitant of the processing of agricultural products. In the last decade, the demand for energy wood in Europe increased and experts anticipate a further increase in future due to socio-political changes. The largest renewable propellant used in Europe is wood which can be used in non-identical forms from sticks to pellets to sawdust. In some countries, like Poland and Finland, wood meets more than 80% of renewable-energy demand. Europe consumed 13m tonnes of wood pellets in 2012, corresponding to International wood Markets Group, a Canadian company.

 Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of biomass occurring in the absence of oxygen. It is the fundamental chemical reaction that is the precursor of both the combustion and gasification processes and occurs naturally in the first two seconds. The products of biomass pyrolysis include biochar, bio-oil and gases including methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. Depending on the thermal environment and the final temperature, pyrolysis will yield mainly biochar at low temperatures, less than 450 0C, when the heating rate is quite slow, and mainly gases at high temperatures, greater than 800 0C, with rapid heating rates. At an intermediate temperature and under relatively high heating rates, the main product is bio-oil.

Biomass power is carbon neutral electricity generated from renewable organic waste that would otherwise be dumped in landfills, openly burned, or left as fodder for forest fires.When burned, the energy in biomass is released as heat. If you have a fireplace, you already are participating in the use of biomass as the wood you burn in it is a biomass fuel.

Production of energy crops could potentially compete for land with food cropping as demand for biomass increases. Biomass customers may be locked in long-term supply contracts with a single supplier making it difficult to get competitive pricing in the future. Alternative impacts are similar to those covered in the District Heating and Combined Heat and Power pages. The non-destructive pilot market is estimated to be valued at USD 12.98 Billion in 2015 and is projected to outstretch USD 18.88 Billion by 2020, at a CAGR of 7.78% from 2014 to 2020.

Bioenergy is conversion of biomass resources such as agricultural and forest residues, organic municipal waste and energy crops to useful energy carriers including heat, electricity and transport fuels. Biomass is increasingly being used for modern applications such as dendro-power, co-generation and Combined Heat and Power generation (CHP). Depending on the resource availability and technical, economic and environmental impact, these can be attractive alternatives to fossil fuel based applications. Bioenergy, a renewable energy resource particularly suitable for electricity, heating & cooling in transport, will be at the core of this sectorial shift in renewable energy production and use and is expected to become the dominant form of RES before 2020.

 Biofuels are previously a small but rapidly growing contributor to the transport fuels market. In 2005, global fuel ethanol manufacture was approximately 36,000 million litres and biodiesel approximately 4,000 million litres. This is sufficient to displace roughly 2% of global gasoline utilization and 0.3% of global diesel consumption. These amounts are modest but growing rapidly. It is typically acknowledged that bioenergy can make a serious contribution in meeting energy security and economic development goals, as well as helping to diminish GHG emissions. Increasing desire of electricity and environmental concerns has put the pressure on countries to increase the focus on renewable energy.

The two main alternative routes of second generation biofuels are Bio-chemical and Thermo-chemical. Second generation biofuels are expected to be preferable to many of the first generation biofuels in terms of energy balances, greenhouse gas emission reductions, land use compulsion, and competition for land, food, fibre and water. The potential raw material for second-generation biofuels management considered in this study are biomass from crops residues, other non-food energy crops, wood/forestry silt, and jatropha and algae. Advanced energy storage systems assist in maintaining power quality, distribution reliability, energy management, and improvement of grid efficiency.

Biogas typically refers to a mixture of different gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Biogas can be produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste or food waste. It is a renewable energy source and in many cases exerts a very small carbon footprint.

 Biodiesel is a renewable, clean-burning diesel replacement that is reducing U.S. dependence on foreign petroleum, creating jobs and improving the environment. Made from a diverse mix of feedstocks including recycled cooking oil, soybean oil, and animal fats, it is the first and only EPA-designated Advanced Biofuel in commercial-scale production across the country and the first to reach 1 billion gallons of annual production. Meeting strict technical fuel quality and engine performance specifications, it can be used in existing diesel engines without modification and is covered by all major engine manufacturers’ warranties, most often in blends of up to 5 percent or 20 percent biodiesel. It is produced at plants in nearly every state in the country.

Renewable energy is energy which is obtained from the renewable resources, geothermal heat, wind, sunlight, waves, rain and tides are the naturally replenished on a human timescale. They provide energy in four important areas such as transportation, water heating/cooling, rural energy services and electricity generation. In many countries the renewable energy power generation has grown a result of clean energy policies. Geothermal power, tidal power and biomass power are starting to make strides in the market but the largest alternative energy source is hydro power.

Bio economy is understanding mechanisms and methodologies at the genetic and molecular levels and applying this to creating or improving industrial processes. The Bio economy comprises those parts of the economy that use renewable biological resources from land and sea – such as crops, forests, fish, animals and micro-organisms – to produce food, materials and energy. It is an essential alternative to the dangers and limitations of our current fossil-based economy and can be considered as the next wave in our economic development. Bio economy, bio-based economy, biotechnology refers to all economic activity derived from scientific and research activity focused on biotechnology.